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运用文献资料法 ,调查法及专家访谈法进行研究 ,讨论了竞技体操的五个基本美学特征 ,对体操教练和运动员在研究和表现体操动作之美时均有所启发和帮助。所获主要结论如下 :1)竞技体操具有超常性 ,运动员创造的超常高难动作充分地显示了竞技体操的惊险美和奇巧美 ,使得竞技体操具有旺盛的生命力 ,深受广大青少年的喜爱。 2 )竞技体操具有依存性 ,超常而优美的体操动作是运动员施力于体操器械和器械反作用于运动员的相互作用的结果 ,两者相互依存、缺一不可。 3)竞技体操具有塑形性 ,离开优美的动作塑形 ,竞技体操将无美可言。 4)竞技体操具有节奏性 ,运动员必须学会把对动作理解的情感自然地起伏于所做的动作之中 ,体现出鲜明的动作节奏 ,竞技体操才有意境美可言。 5 )竞技体操具有直观性 ,离开能感受形式美的眼睛将无法感受到竞技体操的存在。
By means of literature review, investigation and expert interviews, this paper discusses five basic aesthetic features of gymnastic gymnastics and provides inspiration and help to gymnastics coaches and athletes in the research and performance of the beauty of gymnastics. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) Competitive gymnastics has the extraordinary, the extremely difficult movements created by athletes fully show the thrilling beauty and the clever beauty of the gymnastics, which makes the gymnastic gymnastics have strong vitality and is deeply loved by the majority of young people. 2) Competitive gymnastics has the dependence, the extraordinary and beautiful gymnastics action is the result of the interaction between the athlete exerting on the gymnastic equipment and the equipment reacting to the athlete. The two are interdependent and indispensable. 3) Athletic gymnastics has the shape, leaving graceful action shape, competitive gymnastics will be no beauty at all. 4) Rhythmic gymnastics is rhythmic. Athletes must learn to naturally fluctuate the emotions they understand in their movements into action. They also embody distinct rhythms of action. 5) Competitive gymnastics is intuitive, leaving the eyes to feel the beauty of the form will not be able to feel the existence of competitive gymnastics.