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目的了解克拉玛依地区鼠种、密度及季节消长情况,评估本地区的鼠疫危害程度,预防人间鼠疫的发生。方法根据全国病媒生物监测方案结合新疆维吾尔自治区鼠疫监测方案(试行)鼠情进行监测。结果捕获鼠类1 915只,隶属3科11属15种,大沙鼠为戈壁荒漠的建群种,洞群密度和鼠密度分别为1.02洞/100 m和5.05只/洞群,全区夜行鼠密度为6.14%,其中白碱滩区的鼠密度相对较高为7.70%,其次是克拉玛依区为6.33%,乌尔禾区为5.67%,密度较低的是独山子区,为4.35%,鼠疫血清阳性率为0.92%,从捕获鼠体表采集蚤类4 100只,隶属4科9属14种,捕获鼠平均染蚤率为42%,总蚤指数为2.14。结论克拉玛依地区为鼠疫疫源地区,本地的鼠疫保存宿主主要是大沙鼠,其体表带有大量的寄生蚤,是鼠疫感染的主要媒介昆虫,应重视本地区的鼠疫监测和鼠疫预防宣传工作。
Objective To understand the rat species, density and seasonal fluctuation in Karamay region, evaluate the degree of plague in this area and prevent the occurrence of human plague. Methods According to the national vector bio-monitoring program combined with the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region plague monitoring program (for trial implementation) rodent monitoring. Results A total of 1 915 rodents were captured, belonging to 15 genera and 11 genera in 15 families. Ophiopogon japonicus was a dominant species in the Gobi Desert. The population density and density were 1.02 holes / 100 m and 5.05 holes / The rodent density was 6.14%. The rodent density in Baijiatan area was relatively high at 7.70%, followed by Karamay at 6.33% and Urushu at 5.67%. The density at Dushanzi was 4.35% The positive rate of plague seroprevalence was 0.92%. 4 100 fleas were collected from the captured rat body, belonging to 14 species, 9 genera, 4 families. The average captured flea in captured mice was 42% and the total flea index was 2.14. Conclusions The Karamay region is a plague source area. The local host of plague is mainly a large gerbil, and its body surface contains a large number of parasitic fleas. It is the main vector insect for plague infection. Plague surveillance and plague prevention propaganda in this area should be emphasized .