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为研究高温对抗性和敏感小菜蛾Plutella xylostella生物学适合度及抗药性进化的影响,本研究测定了温度对杀虫剂抗性和敏感小菜蛾实验种群生命表参数及后代对阿维菌素敏感性的影响。结果表明:与25℃相比,33.5℃条件下抗性和敏感种群的平均世代历期(D)、净生殖率(R0)、内禀增长率(rm)、周限增长率(λ)值、总产卵量、雌蛾平均寿命、日产卵量和孵化率均显著下降。在25℃下,抗性和敏感种群的rm,λ,D和日产卵量无显著差异,但抗性种群的R0略低于敏感种群(为敏感种群的87%)。在33.5℃下,抗性种群的rm和R0显著低于敏感种群(分别为敏感种群的75%和64%),抗性种群雌成虫寿命、总产卵量和孵化率显著也低于敏感种群。抗性种群在33.5℃下饲养1代后,后代对阿维菌素的抗性水平大幅下降,而相同处理下敏感种群对阿维菌素的抗性水平没有显著下降。上述结果表明,无论在常温还是高温条件下,抗性种群生物学适合度均低于敏感种群,尤其是高温下抗性种群适合度远低于敏感种群。抗性种群经高温饲养1代后对阿维菌素的抗性水平大幅下降可能与高温下抗性种群适合度显著较低有关。
In order to study the biological suitability and resistance development of Plutella xylostella to high temperature-resistant and susceptible Plutella xylostella, the effects of temperature on the insecticide resistance and life-table parameters of the susceptible Plutella xylostella population and the offspring susceptibility to abamectin Sexual effects. The results showed that the mean generation duration (D), net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and the rate of peri-growth (λ) of resistant and susceptible populations at 33.5 ℃ , Total fecundity, average life expectancy of female moths, daily fecundity and hatching rate all decreased significantly. There was no significant difference in rm, λ, D and litter size between resistant and susceptible populations at 25 ° C, but R0 for resistant populations was slightly lower than for sensitive populations (87% of susceptible populations). At 33.5 ℃, the rm and R0 of the resistant populations were significantly lower than those of the sensitive populations (75% and 64% respectively of the sensitive populations), and the longevity, total fecundity and hatching rate of the resistant adults were also significantly lower than those of the susceptible population . The resistance of a resistant population to avermectin decreased significantly after being maintained at 33.5 ℃ for one generation, while the susceptibility of the susceptible population to avermectin did not decrease significantly under the same treatment. The above results show that the biological fitness of resistant populations is lower than that of sensitive populations at both normal temperature and high temperature, especially the fitness of resistant populations at high temperature is much lower than that of sensitive populations. The significant decrease in the level of abamectin resistance in the resistant population after one generation of high temperature feeding may be related to the significantly lower fitness of the resistant population under high temperature.