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目的:研究海岛地区过敏性疾病患儿的过敏原分布特点,为临床提供诊断及治疗依据。方法:采用酶免疫分析法(ELISA),对476例患儿的血清标本进行过敏原特异性IgE抗体体外检测。结果:382例(80.3%)总IgE呈阳性反应,单一过敏原阳性为169例(35.5%),二种及二种以上过敏原阳性213例(44.7%)。吸入性过敏原阳性率较高的是:螨(25.6%)、屋尘(18.1%)、真菌组合(2.5%);食入性过敏原阳性率较高的是:鱼类(8.6%)、虾蟹(7.8%)、豆类(6.7%)。婴幼儿以食物性过敏为主,学龄儿童以吸入性过敏为主。结论:螨及鱼类是舟山海岛儿童最常见过敏原,多数患者同时存在多种过敏原。
Objective: To study the distribution of allergens in children with allergic diseases in island areas and to provide basis for diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Serum samples from 476 children were tested for allergen-specific IgE by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in vitro. Results: Total IgE of 382 patients (80.3%) were positive. The positive rate of single allergen was 169 cases (35.5%). Two or more allergens were positive in 213 cases (44.7%). The positive rates of inhaled allergens were: mites (25.6%), house dust (18.1%) and fungi (2.5%). The highest positive rates of in-feed allergens were fish (8.6%), Shrimp and crab (7.8%), beans (6.7%). The main food allergy in infants and young children, school-age children inhaled allergy-based. Conclusion: Mites and fish are the most common allergens in Zhoushan island children. Most patients have multiple allergens simultaneously.