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采用模式生物斑马鱼的胚胎评价京大戟醋制前后各提取物急性毒性,同时以大戟二烯醇为对照品测定了各提取物的总萜含量。选取24 h发育正常的斑马鱼胚胎,每个提取物设8个浓度和一个空白对照组,并观察给药后96 h斑马鱼胚胎的发育和死亡情况,计算不同样品对斑马鱼胚胎的半数致死浓度(LC_(50))。结果显示对于斑马鱼胚胎,京大戟醋制前后各提取物均有急性毒性,与生品相比,醋制后毒性显著降低。不同提取方式中,醇提物毒性大于水提物;不同极性部位中毒性大小依次为石油醚>二氯甲烷>乙酸乙酯>正丁醇、剩余部位。结合萜类成分含量测定结果可推测萜类成分为京大戟主要毒性成分,且其毒性大小与萜类成分的含量呈正相关。表明斑马鱼胚胎模型适用于京大戟毒性评价,为进一步认识与评价京大戟的毒性成分及醋制减毒的作用机制提供合适的研究方法以及理论依据。
The embryo of model organism zebrafish was used to evaluate the acute toxicity of each extract of Euphorbia. The total content of total terpene of each extract was determined by using norhidol as control. The zebrafish embryos with normal development for 24 h were selected. Eight concentrations of each extract and one blank control group were selected. The development and mortality of zebrafish embryos at 96 h after administration were observed. Concentration (LC_ (50)). The results showed that for zebrafish embryos, the extracts of both Chinese and Euphorbia vinegar had acute toxicity before and after treatment, and the post-vinegar toxicity was significantly lower than that of the raw product. Among the different extraction methods, the toxicity of alcohol extract was greater than that of water extract. The toxicities of different polarity fractions were petroleum ether> dichloromethane> ethyl acetate> n-butanol, and the rest. According to the results of determination of terpenoids, it can be inferred that the terpenoids are the major toxic components of Peking euphorbia, and its toxicity is positively correlated with the content of terpenoids. The results showed that the zebrafish embryo model was suitable for the evaluation of toxicity of Euphorbia pulcherrima, providing suitable research methods and theoretical basis for further understanding and evaluation of the toxic components and the attenuating mechanism of vinegar.