离开对道德状况的考察,我们就无法展现一个社会的全貌,无法充分说明它的盛衰兴亡。因此,道德史研究是社会史研究不可或缺的组成部分。不仅如此,道德史研究还有另一个面向,即伦理思想史的面向。就其主体内容而言,任何时代的伦理思想不过是对当时道德生活的反映:要么唤起人们的道德自觉,要么调整道德规范体系的内容,要么 Without an examination of the moral conditions, we can not show the whole picture of a society and fail to fully explain its rise and fall. Therefore, the study of moral history is an indispensable part of the study of social history. Not only that, there is another aspect of moral history research, that is, the history of ethical thinking. As far as its main content is concerned, the ethical thought of any era is only a reflection of the moral life at that time: either arousing people’s moral consciousness or adjusting the content of the system of moral norms, either