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目的探讨小儿反复呼吸道感染的高危因素。方法选择2013年6月—2015年3月武鸣县妇幼保健院儿科收治的118例反复呼吸道感染患儿作为观察组,同期来我院儿科进行健康体检的健康儿童286例设为对照组,通过设计问卷调查方案对患儿出生时情况、生活环境、喂养情况等进行调查,分析引发小儿反复呼吸道感染的高危因素。结果观察组患儿锌和铁水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组钙水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组非顺产、早产、窒息、非母乳喂养、人均居住面积小、城市居住、被动吸烟、养宠物、母孕期疾病及不合理使用抗生素比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论微量元素缺乏、早产、城市居住、体质量轻、窒息、伴新生儿疾病、非母乳喂养、被动吸烟、养宠物、母孕期疾病及滥用抗生素与激素是小儿反复呼吸道感染的高危因素。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of recurrent respiratory tract infections in children. Methods From June 2013 to March 2015, 118 children with recurrent respiratory tract infection admitted to Wuming County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were selected as the observation group. 286 healthy children undergoing pediatric physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group, Design questionnaire survey of children at birth, living environment, feeding conditions were investigated to analyze the risk of recurrent respiratory tract infection in children risk factors. Results The levels of zinc and iron in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in calcium levels between the two groups (P> 0.05). The proportion of non-spontaneous labor, premature labor, asphyxia, non-breastfeeding, small living area per capita, urban living, passive smoking, pet raising, pregnancy and unhealthy antibiotics in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.05 ). Conclusion The lack of trace elements, premature labor, urban living, light weight, asphyxia, neonatal diseases, non-breastfeeding, passive smoking, pets, maternal pregnancy and abuse of antibiotics and hormones are risk factors for recurrent respiratory tract infections in children.