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自从1998年国家实行积极的财政政策以来,社会各界对宏观经济越来越关注了,对消费、投资和出口这拉动经济增长的三驾马车的分析常常出现在各种媒体上。由于这一时期我国经济处在改革和发展的特殊时期,消费的增长受到诸多因素的制约,同时世界经济在一连串的经济和金融危机后也处在调整期,出口增长受到一定影响,在这种情况下,保持经济增长的关键就是拉动内需。拉动内需的主要手段就是通过积极的财政政策扩大固定资产投资,因此,这一时期,固定资产投资在三驾马车中处于突出重要的位置。可以说连续六年的积极财政政策取得了显著的成效,使我国经济在全球性的通货紧缩中始终保持了较快增长。然而,持续的积极财政政策和投资拉动使一些地方的经济产生了对国债资金的依赖,更为可怕的是固定资产投资对经济发展的作用在相当一部分人头脑中渐渐被异化成了与消费一样的一种需求。由于国债项目的投资决策者很多是政府,而且国债资金不需要偿款,许多地方政府在确定投资项目时就主要不是考虑项目的盈利能力和社会功能,而是把项
Since the state adopted a proactive fiscal policy in 1998, all sectors of society are increasingly concerned about the macroeconomy. The analysis of the troika, which is the driving force of economic growth through consumption, investment and export, has often appeared in various media. As China’s economy is in a special period of reform and development during this period, the growth of consumption is constrained by many factors. At the same time, the world economy is also undergoing a period of adjustment after a series of economic and financial crises. Export growth is affected to some extent. In this period, Under the circumstances, the key to maintaining economic growth is to boost domestic demand. The main means of stimulating domestic demand is to expand investment in fixed assets through an active fiscal policy. Therefore, investment in fixed assets is in a prominent position in the troika during this period. It can be said that the positive fiscal policy for six years in a row has achieved remarkable results, keeping our economy growing at a fast pace during the global deflation. However, sustained positive fiscal policies and investment stimulus have made the economy in some places dependent on treasury bonds. What is even more alarming is that the role of investment in fixed assets in economic development has gradually become dissociated into consumption in the minds of a considerable number of people A demand. Since many government decision-makers in government bonds are government-funded and bond funds do not need to be reimbursed, many local governments do not mainly consider the project’s profitability and social functions in determining investment projects. Instead,