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目的了解某地区10年来新生儿死亡率水平、变化趋势及其影响因素,为制定降低新生儿死亡率的公共卫生政策提供科学依据。方法利用海南省2001～2010年新生儿死亡监测数据,通过线性趋势分析和卡方检验,对10年间新生儿死亡变化趋势和地区差异进行分析;利用2010年住院分娩等数据,采用相关分析的方法,对住院分娩等因素与新生儿死亡率的关系进行探讨。结果 2001～2010年海南省新生儿死亡率由2001年的24.9‰下降到2010年的9.0‰,下降了63.8%。海南城市与农村及农村不同地区的新生儿死亡率存在差异。导致新生儿死亡的主要疾病因素是早产和低出生体重、出生窒息和新生儿肺炎。产科服务利用和服务质量是影响新生儿死亡的间接因素。结论提高市县级医院住院分娩的比例、孕产期保健和产时保健服务质量是进一步降低新生儿死亡的关键。
Objective To understand the neonatal mortality rate, its changing trend and its influencing factors in a certain area over the past 10 years and to provide a scientific basis for formulating a public health policy to reduce the neonatal mortality rate. Methods The neonatal mortality monitoring data from 2001 to 2010 in Hainan Province were used to analyze the trend of neonatal death and regional differences in 10 years through linear trend analysis and chi-square test. Using the data of hospital delivery in 2010 and other related methods , The factors such as hospital delivery and neonatal mortality were explored. Results The neonatal mortality rate in Hainan Province dropped from 24.9 ‰ in 2001 to 9.0 ‰ in 2010, down by 63.8%. Hainan city and rural areas and rural areas of different neonatal mortality differences. The main disease contributors to neonatal death are premature birth and low birth weight, birth asphyxia and neonatal pneumonia. Obstetric service utilization and quality of service are indirect factors affecting newborns’ death. Conclusion Increasing the proportion of inpatient delivery, maternal health and labor service quality in city and county hospitals is the key to further reduce neonatal death.