对一线教师的科研来说,首要的基础工作是选出一个有效的研究“问题”。这需要做三个方面的事情:一要通过有需要、有基础、有创新、有条件去判定“问题”的研究价值;二要通过问题受体与问题指向去确定“问题”的研究落点;三要通过界定概念术语、限定研究范围去厘清“问题”的研究范围。 For first-line teachers’ research, the first basic work is to select an effective research “problem ”. This needs to be done in three aspects: First, it is necessary to determine the value of research on “problems” through necessity, foundation, innovation, and conditions; secondly, to identify problems by means of problem receptors and problems; ; Thirdly, by defining the concept of terms, the scope of the study should be limited to clarify the scope of the study.