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通过田间试验研究了3个对白粉病抗性不同的小麦品种93-124(低抗)、云麦-47(高抗)和云麦-42(中抗)分别与蚕豆间作对小麦不同生育期根际速效氮、磷、钾养分的影响差异。结果表明,在单作条件下,不同抗性小麦品种间根际速效氮含量和根际速效钾含量在各生育期均无显著差异,根际有效磷含量在分蘖、拔节、抽穗期无显著差异,灌浆期93-124根际有效磷含量显著高于云麦-42。小麦蚕豆间作显著提高了分蘖、拔节和抽穗期小麦根际土壤速效氮、磷、钾含量,降低了成熟期根际速效氮、有效磷含量。在分蘖至抽穗期,与单作相比,93-124、云麦-47和云麦-42的根际碱解氮含量分别提高了23.16%~46.90%、23.74%~31.78%和11.23%~22.44%间作93-124的根际有效磷含量提高了35.26%~59.63%;间作云麦-47根际速效钾提高了10.87%~57.59%。间作提高根际速效氮、磷养分的效应以93-124最高,间作提高根际速效钾的效应以云麦-47最高。小麦蚕豆间作具有显著的产量优势,93-124、云麦-47和云麦-42的LER(土地当量比)分别为1.01,1.20和1.14。
Three field wheat cultivars 93-124 (low resistance), Yunmai -47 (high resistance) and Yunmai-42 (medium resistance) with different resistance to powdery mildew were studied in field experiments. Effect of Available Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Nutrients on Rhizosphere. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the rhizosphere available nitrogen and rhizosphere available potassium contents among different wheat cultivars under single cropping conditions. There was no significant difference in rhizosphere available phosphorus at tillering, jointing and heading stage , The content of available phosphorus in the grain filling stage 93-124 was significantly higher than that of Yunmai-42. The wheat faba bean intercropping significantly increased the content of available N, P and K in rhizosphere soil at tillering, jointing and heading stages, and decreased the contents of available nitrogen and available phosphorus in rhizosphere at maturity. During tillering to heading, the contents of rhizospheric alkaline hydrolysis N by 93-124, Yunmai -47 and Yunmai-42 increased by 23.16% -46.90%, 23.74% -31.78% and 11.23% ~ The rhizosphere available phosphorus content increased by 35.26% -59.63% in intercropping 93-124 and increased by 10.87% -57.59% in rhizosphere of intercropping cloud wheat-47. Intercropping increased N and P uptake in rhizosphere soil, and the effect of phosphorus nutrition was the highest in 93-124. Intercropping increased the available potassium in rhizosphere soil with the highest content of Yunmai -47. Wheat faba bean intercropping has significant yield advantage. The LER (land equivalent ratio) of 93-124, Yunmai-47 and Yunmai-42 were 1.01, 1.20 and 1.14, respectively.