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丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)是一种血源性病毒,通常在感染者血清中以低效价循环。流行病学研究表明,HCV最常见的传播途径是经输血、血制品、器官移植及静注毒品者共用污染针头而传播,但在急性丙型肝炎病人中仅不到半数有上述暴露史。据部分流行病学研究证明,围产期、性接触、家庭内以及职业传播HCV也时有发生。由于这方面的研究尚不充分,因此对这些传播途经的危险性还认识不足。
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a blood-borne virus that usually circulates at low titers in infected sera. Epidemiological studies have shown that the most common route of transmission of HCV is spread through contaminated needles shared by blood transfusions, blood products, organ transplants and intravenous drug users, but less than half of those with acute hepatitis C have this history of exposure. According to some epidemiological studies, perinatal transmission, sexual contact, intra-household and occupational transmission of HCV also occur from time to time. Due to insufficient research in this area, there is still a lack of understanding of the dangers of these transmission routes.