尽管曾有个别的病例报告,在一个家庭中有多个成员患侵袭性的乙型流感杆菌感染,但是,直到最近这个病原引起的疾病才被认识为是感染性疾病。近来托儿实施的变化,特别是日托中心的增多,导致易感小儿大量接触感染病人。本文目的是复习在密集人群中乙型流感菌感染的流行病学与近来应用的对接触者的各种处理方法。集体机构日托中心与其他集体机构乙型流感杆菌传播的报告表明,大多数伴发病例是2岁以下的小儿,这种年龄分布与观察到的地方性感染流行相一致(除会厌炎发生于较大儿童外)。在集体机构中,感染的传播可能突然 Although there have been individual case reports of invasive B. influenzae infection in several members of a family, the disease caused by this pathogen was not recognized until recently as an infectious disease. The recent changes in childcare, especially the increase in day-care centers, have led to a large number of susceptible children touching infected patients. The purpose of this article is to review the epidemiology of Influenza B infections in densely populated populations and the various treatments available to those exposed recently. Reports of B-type influenza bacilli spread between the day-care centers in the collective and other institutions show that most of the associated cases are children under 2 years of age, and this age distribution is consistent with the prevalence of endemic infections observed (except epiglottitis occurs Larger children outside). In the collective, the spread of infection can be sudden