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目的研究呼和浩特地区5岁以下儿童腹泻轮状病毒(Rotavirus,RV)的流行病学特征及病毒基因亚型特点。方法采集内蒙古妇幼保健医院2010年7月至2012年6月所有≤59月龄的住院腹泻患儿粪便标本789份。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测RV,抗原阳性标本以反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法做基因亚型检测。最后整理数据,应用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行统计分析。结果共检测789份粪便标本,ELISA法检出阳性288份,阳性率为36.50%。轮状病毒腹泻的主要流行月份为10月至次年2月,12～23月龄组感染率最高为50.00%,2岁以下患儿占全部患儿总数的95.83%。轮状病毒G血清亚型检测中,2010-2011年以G3亚型为主,占37.6%,2011-2012年以G9亚型为主,占67.3%;轮状病毒P基因亚型检测中,2010-2012年以P[8]亚型为主。结论轮状病毒是引起呼和浩特地区婴幼儿腹泻的主要病原之一,流行优势毒株发生了从G3到G9的转变。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus (RV) in children under 5 years of age in Hohhot and the characteristics of viral genotypes. Methods 789 samples of stool from hospitalized children with diarrhea ≤ 59 months of age from July 2010 to June 2012 in Inner Mongolia MCH hospital were collected. RV was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and genotypes were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Finally, organize the data, the application of SPSS 13.0 statistical software for statistical analysis. Results A total of 789 stool specimens were detected, 288 were positive by ELISA, the positive rate was 36.50%. The main epidemic month of rotavirus diarrhea was from October to February. The highest infection rate was 50.00% in 12 ~ 23 months old group and 95.83% of the total children under 2 years old. In the detection of rotavirus G serogroups, G3 subtype accounted for 37.6% from 2010 to 2011, mainly G9 subtype from 2011 to 2012, accounting for 67.3%; in rotavirus P gene subtype detection, 2010-2012 mainly P [8] subtype. Conclusions Rotavirus is one of the major pathogens causing infantile diarrhea in Huhhot area. Prevalence of G3 to G9 mutations occurred in epidemic-dominant strains.