传统的中学实验都是由教师设计好目的、设备和方法.然而,学生如果要发展研究科学的策略和技能,他们必须有机会自已去计划和完成实验。从传统的直接教知识和概念,到着重于科学实验实践,这是世界性的一大跳跃。在英国,过去卅年中,几经变化。首先出现的是强调实践.按菜谱做菜的实验方式引来了诸多不满(?)导至着重于“发现性学习”.这一改革使实验目的更加模糊,对结果的解释也留待于开放式的讨论.教师为了 Traditional high school experiments are designed by teachers with good purposes, equipment and methods. However, if students are to develop scientific research strategies and skills, they must have the opportunity to plan and complete their own experiments. From the traditional direct teaching of knowledge and concepts to the emphasis on scientific experimental practice, this is a world-wide leap. In Britain, there have been several changes in the past. The first thing that came up was the emphasis on practice. The experimental methods of cooking by cookbooks led to a lot of dissatisfaction (?) leads to focus on “discovery learning”. This reform made the purpose of the experiment more ambiguous, and the interpretation of the results was also left to Open discussion. Teachers for