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等离子弧切割是通过电离的高速气体将强电弧从带负电的电极传递到带正电的导电工件上。气体(多为氮气)最初由在割炬内的两个电极之间传递的短暂、高频和低电流电弧进行电离。气体的电离使气体导电,这就为电极上的低电压提供了通路。气体从钨电极正下方的小孔穿出,在此同时强电流电弧(高达1000安培)传到工件上,这样就使电离持续进行。电弧产生的热使工件熔化,
Plasma arc cutting is the transfer of strong arcs from a negatively charged electrode to a positively charged conductive workpiece by ionizing high velocity gas. Gas, mostly nitrogen, is initially ionized by brief, high frequency and low current arcs that are passed between two electrodes within the torch. Ionization of the gas conducts the gas, which provides a pathway for the low voltage on the electrode. Gaseous gas penetrates the small hole just below the tungsten electrode, and at the same time a strong current arc (up to 1000 amperes) is applied to the workpiece, thus allowing ionization to continue. The heat generated by the arc melts the workpiece,