断层的生成是因为地层所受的外力超过了它的弹性限度而发生了破裂,然后由于同一组外力的作用使破裂面的两侧的岩块发生上下、前后或任何斜交方向的相对错动。错动所沿的面称为断层面而断层面左右两岩块间的裂缝称为断层裂缝。断层裂缝的形状与性质变化甚多,常因作用的外力和地层的性质的不同而有所不 The formation of the fault is because the external force suffered by the formation exceeds the limit of its elasticity and ruptured. Due to the same set of external forces, the rocks on both sides of the rupture surface are relatively displaced up and down, anteroposteriorly or in any oblique direction . The surface along which the fault moves is called the fault plane and the fault between the two rock blocks on the fault plane is called the fault fracture. The shape and nature of fault fractures vary widely, often due to the different forces acting on the stratum and the nature of the stratum