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分蘖肥的施用对促进水稻分蘖和提高水稻产量具有重要影响,但在机插条件下分蘖肥的最佳施用时期还不够明确。本试验以早稻品种中嘉早17和晚稻品种H优518为材料,研究分蘖肥不同施用时期对机插双季稻产量和群体发育的影响。试验处理分别为移栽后第7天、第10天和第13天施用分蘖肥,即D07、D10和D13处理。结果表明:与D07处理相比,D10和D13处理早稻产量分别降低9.4%和3.8%,晚稻产量分别降低4.5%和12.6%,但各处理之间差异不显著。早稻分蘖肥不同施用时期对每穗粒数和结实率具有显著影响,其中D10处理每穗粒数显著低于D07处理,D13处理结实率显著低于D07处理(P<0.05)。晚稻分蘖肥不同施用时期对有效穗数的影响显著,其中D13处理有效穗数显著低于D07处理(P<0.05)。与D07处理相比,D13和D10处理各生育期分蘖数、叶面积指数、生物量积累和氮素吸收均有降低的趋势。因此,在机插秧苗返青后尽早施入分蘖肥有利于提高群体质量,从而发挥机插双季稻的高产潜力。
The application of tillering fertilizer has an important influence on the tillering of rice and the increase of rice yield. However, the optimal application of tillering fertilizer is not yet clear at the time of machine insertion. In this experiment, Zhongjiazao 17, an early rice variety, and H You 518, a late rice variety, were used to study the effects of different tillers and tillers on the yield and population development of double cropping rice. Tillering treatments were applied on day 7, day 10 and day 13 after transplanting respectively, namely D07, D10 and D13. The results showed that compared with D07 treatment, the yield of early rice decreased by 9.4% and 3.8%, while the yield of late rice decreased by 4.5% and 12.6% respectively, but the difference between treatments was not significant. The effect of different tillers of early rice on the grain number per spike and seed setting rate was significantly different. The grain number per spike of D10 was significantly lower than that of D07, and the seed setting rate of D13 was significantly lower than that of D07 (P <0.05). The effect of tillering fertilizer on the effective panicle number of late rice was significant, and the effective panicle number of D13 was significantly lower than that of D07 treatment (P <0.05). Compared with D07 treatment, tiller number, leaf area index, biomass accumulation and nitrogen uptake of D13 and D10 decreased in all growth stages. Therefore, applying the tillering fertilizer as soon as possible after the greening of the planted seedlings is beneficial to improve the quality of the group, so as to exert the high yield potential of the double cropping rice.