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广泛用于工程工业中的许多结构钢的断裂韧性对于应变率和周围环境因素是灵敏的。此外,这些韧性钢与实际应用有关的韧性,只能从模仿构件某些特征的试样上得出。因此,由标准小试样体现的夏氏(Charp)或艾氏(Izod)冲击试验的结果不能用来定量鉴别构件的完整性。在所有工作条件范围内,对适当尺寸试样进行韧性试验的断裂力学,则可较好地解决这个问题。通常,提供高断裂载荷和高加载率的最方便和便宜的方法是采用一台落锤试验机。当要试验很大试样时,看来只有这种试验机可能在一极短的时间内释放足够的
The fracture toughness of many structural steels widely used in the engineering industry is sensitive to strain rates and ambient conditions. In addition, the ductility of these ductile steels in relation to their practical application can only be derived from specimens that imitate certain features of the structure. Therefore, the Charp or Izod impact test results from a standard small sample can not be used to quantitatively identify the integrity of the component. In all working conditions within the scope of the appropriate size of the specimen toughness test fracture mechanics, you can better solve this problem. In general, the most convenient and inexpensive way to provide high breaking loads and high loading rates is to use a drop weight tester. When trying to test a large sample, it appears that only such a tester may release enough