在近代，向西方学习的过程也是中国一步步迈向近代化的过程。而各大思想流派在中国近代化历程中都起了重要的推动作用，本文主要从各大思想流派产生的历史背景、向西方学习的主要内容及对中国社会的影响来阐述中国近代化的历程。 In modern times, the process of learning from the West is also a step toward modernization by China. However, all major schools of thought play an important role in promoting the modernization of China. This paper mainly expounds the course of China’s modernization from the historical background of the major schools of thought, the main content of learning from the West and its impact on Chinese society .