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专名和描述语作为指称问题研究不可回避的基本内容,其研究历史百年有余,除了指称功能,它们的语用功能也不可忽视。奥斯卡获奖感言因睿智、幽默一直备受关注,以历届奥斯卡获奖感言作为语料,对其中的专名和描述语进行语用分析具有一定的代表性。由于受交际双方认知能力、共有知识和交际需求等语境因素的影响,专名和描述语的使用表现出说话者的语用选择:专名具有经济性和模糊性;描述语具有关联性和隐喻性,它们都对言语交际起着重要作用。
As the basic content of the study of referential problems, proper names and descriptors have a history of more than one hundred years. Apart from referential functions, their pragmatic functions can not be ignored either. Oscar winning testimony because of wisdom, humor has always been of great concern, with the previous Oscar award-winning speech as a corpus, the pragmatic analysis of the proper names and descriptors which have some representation. Due to the influence of contextual factors such as cognitive ability, common knowledge and communication demands, the use of proper names and descriptors shows the speaker’s pragmatic choice: the proper name is economic and fuzziness; the descriptors are related and Metaphorical, they all play an important role in verbal communication.