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目的探究高师生需要结构及其发展态势。方法使用“大学生需要结构问卷”和分层随机抽样法,对温州地区某高校的师范本科生504人进行了调查研究。结果高师生需要由强到弱依次为:发展的需要、尊重的需要、贡献的需要、交往的需要、生理的需要、安全的需要。强度最大的前3位需要是:求知的需要、权利的需要、建树的需要;不同性别高师生在躲避羞辱的需要、性需要、权利需要等9方面存在统计学显著差异;三年级高师生把权利需要列为第一需要,其他各个年级均把求知需要列为第一需要,在具体需要上,各年级间也存在统计学显著性差异;文理学科高师生在躲避伤害的需要、维持生存的需要、友情的需要等6方面存在统计学显著性差异。结论高师生需要结构基本健康;高师生需要结构在性别、年级、学科方面存在统计学显著性差异。
Objective To explore the structure of need of teachers and students and its development trend. Methods Using the questionnaire “Students need structure” and stratified random sampling method, 504 undergraduates in a certain university in Wenzhou area were investigated. Results: The needs of teachers and students from strong to weak are as follows: development needs, needs for respect, needs for contribution, needs of contacts, needs of physiology and needs of safety. The top three needs of the greatest strength are: the need of knowledge, the need of right and the need of accomplishment; there are statistically significant differences in the needs of different teachers and students in hiding from shame, sexual needs and right needs; third grade teachers and students need the right As the first need, all other grades put the needs of knowledge as the first need, in the specific needs, there are also statistically significant differences between grades; liberal arts teachers and students need to avoid injury, the need to survive, friendship There are statistically significant differences in 6 aspects such as need. Conclusion Higher teachers and students need the basic health of the structure. There is a statistically significant difference in the needs structure of teachers and students in terms of gender, grade and discipline.