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【目的】对不同浓度磷、钾处理下小麦苗期氮养分效率相关性状进行QTL分析,以深入理解磷、钾与氮养分效率的相互关系,为氮营养相关性状的图位克隆及分子标记辅助选择育种奠定基础。【方法】采用苗期液培试验,以“川35050×山农483”组合衍生的小麦重组自交系群体(131个株系)为研究材料,设置了中磷中钾(MPMK)、高磷(HP)、低磷1(LP1)、低磷2(LP2)、低磷3(LP3),高钾(HK)、低钾1(LK1)、低钾2(LK2)、低钾3(LK3)共9个处理,对不同磷、钾处理下的氮养分效率相关性状进行研究,并结合分子标记遗传图谱,从整个基因组水平对与小麦苗期氮养分效率相关的10个性状进行QTL定位及遗传分析。【结果】不同处理下的10个性状共检测到137个QTL,位于除3D外的20条染色体上,大部分QTL(89.05%)仅在单一处理下被定位到,有3个QTL(QRnue-1A.2、QSnue-1A.1和QTnue-1A.1)可在至少4个处理中被检测到,有5个QTL(QRnue-1A.1、QTnue-1A.1、QSnc-4A、QRnc-6A.3和QSnue-6B)可同时在低磷和低钾环境中被检测到。本研究还检测到至少包含3个以上QTL的QTL簇17个,分别位于1A、1B、2B、2D、3A、3B、4A、4B、5D、6A、6 B、6 D和7 A染色体上,共涉及6 6个Q T L,占Q T L总数的4 8.1 8%。其中,有5个Q T L簇仅与特定磷、钾处理有关,大多数QTL簇均同时定位了不同磷、钾处理的不同性状,许多QTL簇位点还与前人定位的生物量、产量及其他养分有关。【结论】磷、钾的供应能够显著影响小麦苗期对氮素的吸收利用及其相关QTL的表达。影响苗期小麦氮养分效率相关性状的QTL大多数仅在特定处理下被检测到,但大多数QTL会形成QTL簇,构成了控制氮养分效率的QTL热点,许多热点区域也与前人定位的许多成株期性状如生物量、产量及其他养分效率有关,这些QTL/基因密集区域及其特点的发现,为我们深入理解小麦氮养分效率的遗传控制特点及其与磷、钾养分供应的关系提供了新的视角,也为这些重要位点的克隆及其应用提供数据支持。
【Objective】 QTL analysis of nitrogen nutrient efficiency in wheat seedlings under different concentrations of phosphorus and potassium was conducted to understand the relationship between phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen nutrient efficiency, and to map the nitrogen-related traits and molecular markers Choose to lay the foundation for breeding. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in liquid-liquid culture at seedling stage. The wheat recombinant inbred lines (131 lines) derived from the combinations of “Sichuan 35050 × Shannon 483” were used as materials to set up MPMK, High phosphorus (HP), low phosphorus (LP1), low phosphorus (LP2), low phosphorus (LP3), high potassium (HK), low potassium 1 (LK1), low potassium 2 (LK2) (LK3) were used to study the nitrogen nutrient efficiency related traits under different phosphorus and potassium treatments. The QTLs for nitrogen nutrient efficiency of wheat seedlings were analyzed from the whole genome level based on the molecular marker genetic map Positioning and genetic analysis. 【Result】 A total of 137 QTLs were detected in 10 traits under different treatments, located on 20 chromosomes except 3D. Most QTLs (89.05%) were mapped to only one single treatment and three QTLs (QRnue- 1A.2, QSnue-1A.1 and QTnue-1A.1) were detectable in at least 4 treatments with 5 QTLs (QRnue-1A.1, QTnue-1A.1, QSnc-4A, QRnc- 6A.3 and QSnue-6B) can be detected in both low phosphorus and low potassium environments. In the present study, 17 QTLs with at least 3 QTLs were detected on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2B, 2D, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 5D, 6A, 6B, A total of 6 6 QTLs were involved, accounting for 4 8.18% of the total QTLs. Among them, five QTL clusters were only related to specific phosphorus and potassium treatments. Most of the QTL clusters mapped different traits of phosphorus and potassium treatment at the same time. Many QTL cluster sites were also related to the biomass, yield and other Nutrient-related. 【Conclusion】 Supply of phosphorus and potassium can significantly affect the uptake and utilization of nitrogen and their related QTLs in wheat seedling stage. Most of the QTLs affecting the efficiency of nitrogen nutrient efficiency during seedling stage were detected only under specific treatment, but most of the QTLs formed QTL clusters, which formed the QTL hot spots to control nitrogen nutrient efficiency. Many hotspots were also mapped with the former Many adult-plant traits such as biomass, yield and other nutrient-related efficiencies, and the discovery of these QTLs / gene-intensive regions and their characteristics provide us with a deep understanding of the genetic control of nitrogen nutrient efficiency in wheat and its relationship to phosphorus and potassium nutrient supply Provide new perspectives and provide data support for the cloning of these important sites and their applications.