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目的为探讨老年高血压病合并心脑血管病患者颈动脉内膜-中层厚度的超声特征以及防治依据。方法随机调查120例高血压病患者与39例同龄正常人,用高分辨彩色多普勒超声检测,应用 SPSS 统计软件分析。结果高血压病各组颈动脉内膜-中层厚度、斑块和主动脉、颈总动脉、颈内动脉内径显著高于对照组;高密度脂蛋白、胆固醇明显低于对照组。其中以合并脑卒中组最为突出。经逐步回归分析发现,颈动脉内膜-中层厚度与主动脉、颈总动脉、颈内动脉内径呈正相关。结论颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度的超声检查,可以早期为临床提供高血压及合并症的出现较确切的诊断依据,在抗高血压治疗的同时应兼顾防治动脉粥样硬化。
Objective To investigate the ultrasonic characteristics of carotid intima-media thickness in elderly patients with hypertension complicated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the prevention and cure basis. Methods A total of 120 hypertensive patients and 39 normal controls of the same age were randomized and analyzed by high resolution color Doppler ultrasound and SPSS statistical software. Results Intima - media thickness, plaque and aorta, common carotid artery and internal carotid artery in hypertension group were significantly higher than those in control group. High - density lipoprotein and cholesterol were significantly lower than those in control group. Among them, stroke group was the most prominent. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the intima-media thickness of carotid artery was positively correlated with the diameter of the aorta, common carotid artery and internal carotid artery. Conclusion Ultrasound examination of intima - media thickness of carotid arteries can provide early diagnosis of hypertension and comorbidities clinically. It should be considered in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis while antihypertensive treatment.