化疗作为一种全身性治疗手段,在头颈部恶性肿瘤综合治疗中正逐步受到重视。然而肿瘤细胞耐药性却常常限制了恶性肿瘤化疗疗效的进一步提高。肿瘤细胞产生耐药的方式很多,其中,以多药耐药性（multidrug resistance,MDR）比较常见。早在1970年Beidler等用P338白血病细胞、中国仓鼠肺细胞与放线菌素D（ACTD）接触培养后发现这两种细胞不但对ACTD耐药,而且同时对结构和作用机制不同的柔红霉素（DNR）和长春新碱（VCR）等药物也产生交叉耐药,从而首先报道了MDR现象。肿瘤细胞的MDR分为原发性 As a systemic treatment of chemotherapy, chemotherapy is gradually receiving attention in the comprehensive treatment of head and neck cancer. However, drug resistance of tumor cells often limits the further improvement of the curative effect of malignant tumors. There are many ways in which tumor cells develop resistance, of which multidrug resistance (MDR) is more common. As early as 1970 Beidler and other P338 leukemia cells, Chinese hamster lung cells and Actinomycin D (ACTD) contact culture found that these two cells not only resistant to ACTD, but at the same time on the structure and mechanism of action of daunomycin Drugs such as prime (DNR) and vincristine (VCR) also produce cross-resistance, leading to the first report of MDR phenomenon. MDR tumor cells are divided into primary