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迄今为止的中国现代化进程和实践表明,对国情的认识与把握是中国成功的基础与前提,这是“中国经验”的思想精髓所在。基于对国情重要性的认识,本文构造了一个新的基于产业结构演进的经济国情分类框架。应用这个框架,本文分析了经过20余年的快速工业化进程后中国的经济发展状况变化。分析表明,中国已经从农业经济大国转为工业经济大国,这意味着中国经济现代化进程进入了以实现由工业经济大国向工业经济强国转变为核心任务的新阶段。现代化进程的新阶段要求选择新的战略,在技术进步战略方面,应重视战略技术的自主创新和加大基础科学研究领域的投入;在经济增长战略方面,要切实促进经济增长方式的转变,发展重化工业也要坚持走新型工业化道路;在产业发展战略方面,三次产业要有新的战略使命和发展定位;在经济体制改革战略方面,要坚定不移地继续深化市场化改革。
So far, the process and practice of China’s modernization have shown that knowing and grasping the national conditions is the foundation and premise of China’s success. This is where the essence of “China’s experience” lies. Based on the recognition of the importance of national conditions, this paper constructs a new economic classification framework based on the evolution of industrial structure. Applying this framework, this paper analyzes the changes in China’s economic development after more than 20 years of rapid industrialization. The analysis shows that China has shifted from a large agricultural economy to an industrial economic power, which means that the process of China’s economic modernization has entered a new phase in order to realize the transformation from a major industrial economic power to a powerful industrial economy. The new phase of the modernization process requires the selection of new strategies. In terms of technological progress strategies, we should attach importance to the independent innovation of strategic technologies and increase investment in basic scientific research. In the aspect of economic growth strategies, we must effectively promote the transformation and development of the mode of economic growth In the aspect of industrial development strategy, the three industries should have a new strategic mission and development orientation. In terms of the economic restructuring strategy, we must unswervingly continue to deepen market-oriented reforms.