园林作物农业在许多热带国家是一项非常重要的经济活动。如橡胶、油棕、可可等作物,不论是在一些大农场还是一些小种植园中均有种植。多数情况是园林作物还未成熟时,在树间种植一些早期作物或种植一些豆科类的覆盖物。进入成熟期后,茂盛的树冠遮盖了大部分覆盖物和间作作物。因而在这个时期,树冠下肯定会缺少一些其它植被的。 平地和极平缓的坡地更适于进行耕作,园林作物在土地的选择上不得不同粮食作物以及其它一年生作物进行竞争。在许多国家,一些陡坡地也被用于种植作物。一般说来,把那些更陡的坡地用来种植园林作物,这些陡坡地的土壤侵蚀危险是很大的。 土壤最容易遭受侵蚀的时期是现存的植被被清除掉为种植而整理土地的时候,由于政府机构或大农场联合体所执行的土地发展规划,是要开垦大面积的土地,所以这一区域中的整个坡地土壤都裸露出来是必然的。因而有机会测出陡坡底部因大雨而形成的径流体积和加速度。由于在该发展规划中包括了较大面积的土地,种植覆盖植物又需要很长的时间,因此对土壤裸露的时期要给予相当的注意。 当种植作物时,土壤将失掉其表土中有意义的部分。暴露的底土一般是B层土壤剖面,与A土壤剖面相比,其结构更差,因而是不利的。 生长园林作物的土壤与森林土壤相比,自然条件较? Garden crops Agriculture is a very important economic activity in many tropical countries. Crops such as rubber, oil palm and cocoa are planted in some large farms and some small plantations. In most cases, when the garden crop is not yet mature, some early crops or some leguminous coverings are planted between the trees. After entering maturity, lush canopy covers most of the coverings and intercrops. Thus, under this crown, some other vegetation will certainly be missing. Flat land and very gentle slopes are more suitable for farming, and the garden crop has to compete with food crops and other annual crops in terms of land choice. In many countries, some steep slopes are also used to grow crops. In general, the more steep slopes are used to grow garden crops, and the danger of soil erosion on these steep slopes is substantial. The period in which soil is most vulnerable to erosion is the removal of existing vegetation When land is cultivated and planted, land development planning carried out by government agencies or farms is to reclaim large areas of land. Therefore, in this area The whole slope of the soil are exposed bare is inevitable. Thus there is an opportunity to measure the runoff volume and acceleration due to heavy rains at the bottom of the steep slope. Due to the large area covered by the development plan and the time it takes to plant the covered plants, considerable attention should be paid to the period of soil exposure. When planting crops, the soil will lose its meaningful part of the topsoil. The exposed subsoil is generally a B-layer soil profile, which is less structurally disadvantaged than the A-soil profile. Compared with the soil of forest garden, the growth of garden crops is more natural.