在中国传统行政体制里,古代公务员也分中央和地方两类。在中央各机关供职的官员,只要到了一定级别,都要参加君王主持的最高国务会议——朝会,也就是我们现在说的“上朝”。《大明会典》记载,早朝时,大臣必须午夜起床,凌晨3点,要到达午门外等候,凌晨5点,钟声响过,宫门开启,百官 In China’s traditional administrative system, the ancient civil servants are also divided into two categories: the central government and the local government. As long as the officials serving in the various organs of the Central Government reach a certain level, they must attend the supreme government meeting presided over by the king, the DPRK, that is, what we now call the “upward order.” “Ming dynasty,” records, the early dynasty, the minister must get up at midnight, 3 am, to reach waiting outside the lunch time, 5 am, the bell rang, the palace opened, the official