中国的私营商业,虽然有几千年的历史,但是,自一八四○年鸦片战争以来,外受帝国资本主义的军事侵略和经济掠夺,内承封建主义的压抑,军阀的连年混战,却长期陷于落后、衰退和破产的境地。尤其是在大革命失败后所建立的革命根据地,多数在经济非常落后的边远农村,不仅现代的大工业和商业很少,就是中型的工商 Although China’s private businesses have a history of thousands of years, they have been subjected to military aggression and economic plunder by empire capitalism since the Opium War of 1840, internal feudalist repression, warlords’ perpetual warfare, Long-term recession, recession and bankruptcy. Especially in the revolutionary bases established after the failure of the Great Revolution, most of them were in remote rural areas where the economy was very backward. Not only modern large-scale industries and commerce were few, but also medium-sized businesses.