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本文给出了强流相对论性电子束(IREB)在低压中性气体中传输特性的理论和实验研究结果。660kV,40kA,脉宽100ns的电子束注入充有H_2,N_2的漂移管,稳定的传输气压范围在(0.7-6.7)×10~2Pa间,传输效率可达80％以上;极低气压时(P≈13.3Pa)由于空间电荷效应,束电子被虚阴极阻滞并径向发散,不能有效传输;而较高气压时,束电子除受自身电磁场作用及库仑碰撞散射外,等离子体不稳定性使束流传输效率明显降低。用蒙特·卡洛法及数值解析法对电荷中和、电流中和过程进行了模拟计算并解释了实验结果。
In this paper, theoretical and experimental results of the transmission of intense relativistic electron beam (IREB) in low pressure neutral gas are given. 660kV, 40kA, pulse width of 100ns injected into the electron tube filled with H_2, N_2 drift tube, the stable transmission pressure range (0.7-6.7) × 10 ~ 2Pa, the transmission efficiency of up to 80%; very low pressure P≈13.3Pa) Due to the space charge effect, the beam electrons are blocked by the virtual cathode and diffused radially, which can not be effectively transmitted. At higher atmospheric pressure, the beam instability of plasma is affected by its own electromagnetic field and Coulomb collision scattering The beam transmission efficiency is significantly reduced. Monte-Carlo method and numerical analysis were used to simulate the process of charge neutralization and current neutralization, and the experimental results were explained.