重庆是大城市、大农村、大山区、大库区并存的年轻直辖市,具有典型的城乡二元结构,城乡经济、社会发展不平衡。2007年6月,国务院正式批准重庆成为全国统筹城乡综合配套改革试验区。本文基于统筹城乡发展的内涵,首先分析重庆市统筹城乡发展的背景状况,然后提出当前发展中存在的四个主要问题。在此基础上,探讨“三位一体”的统筹城乡发展战略,加速推进城市化、工业化和城乡一体化的进程。最后,研究提出推进重庆市统筹城乡发展进程的五项改革措施,涉及户籍制度、土地制度、农村要素流通、社会保障和住房保障模式等方面。 Chongqing is a municipality directly under the Central Government where large cities, large rural areas, big mountainous regions and large reservoir areas coexist. With a typical urban-rural dual structure, Chongqing enjoys an unbalanced economic and social development. In June 2007, the State Council formally approved Chongqing as the national pilot area for comprehensive reform of urban and rural areas. Based on the connotation of urban and rural development as a whole, this paper first analyzes the background of Chongqing’s urban and rural development and then proposes four main problems in current development. On this basis, we will explore the strategy of “trinity” in coordinating urban and rural development and accelerating the process of urbanization, industrialization and urban-rural integration. Finally, the paper proposes five reform measures to promote Chongqing’s overall urban-rural development process, including the household registration system, the land system, the circulation of rural elements, social security and housing security modes.