论述大耦合孔对相对论速调管谐振腔的电场分布和特性参数（包括谐振频率、品质因数、特性阻抗、耦合系数等）影响的简要的理论分析与实验研究，以及相应参数的测试方法，并提出了新的耦合孔结构，解决了大耦合孔对谐振腔谐振频率、耦合系数、径向、圆周方向的电场分布的不良影响，其结果对高功率微波器的设计有重要的参考价值。 The theoretical analysis and experimental research on the influence of the large coupling hole on the electric field distribution and the characteristic parameters (including the resonant frequency, quality factor, characteristic impedance, coupling coefficient, etc.) of the relativistic klystron cavities are discussed, and the corresponding parametric test methods are also discussed A new coupling hole structure is proposed to solve the adverse effect of the large coupling hole on the resonant frequency, coupling coefficient, radial and circumferential electric field distribution of the resonant cavity. The results have an important reference value for the design of high power microwaves.