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据专业人士分析,加入WTO之后,我国从参与国际市场竞争的角度,应重新考虑农机化的发展方向。 一是农机化的发展项目,应根据比较优势的原则,重新进行调整。现在国际市场的玉米价格仅为我国的1/2左右,除口粮外,种植商品性玉米已无比较优势;另外,东南沿海省区人均GDP已达到1000美元,该地区种植花费工时多的棉花也无比较优势。目前我国只有东部用玉米、棉花等田间作业机械,这一地区与国际市场联系紧密,进口玉米势必对当地玉米造成冲击;中西部地区由于经济水平低,剩余劳动力多,尚无使用田间作业机械的需求,因此,再去组织力量研制技术难度大的玉米、棉花的移栽和收获机械已无必要。此外,淮河以南的红皮小麦、长江以南的早籼稻、沿江沿海地区的棉花也出现萎缩的趋势,这些地区的农机化发展项目也要相应进行调整。二是根据农业结构调整和产业化经营的要求,确定今后农机化的发展方向是:①继续发展小麦、水稻生产机械
According to professional analysis, after joining the WTO, our country should reconsider the development direction of agricultural mechanization from the angle of participating in the competition in the international market. First, agricultural development projects should be re-adjusted according to the principle of comparative advantage. At present, the price of maize in the international market is only about one-half of that of China. Apart from rations, the cultivation of commercial maize has no comparative advantages. In addition, the per-capita GDP of the southeast coastal provinces has reached 1,000 U.S. dollars. No comparative advantage. At present, there is only fieldworking machinery such as corn and cotton in the east of our country. There is close contact with the international market in this area. Importing corn is bound to have an impact on the local corn. In the central and western regions, due to low economic level and surplus labor, there is no farm machinery Therefore, it is no longer necessary to organize forces to develop maize and cotton transplanting and harvesting machines that are technically difficult. In addition, red-tilled wheat south of the Huaihe River, early indica rice south of the Yangtze River and cotton along the coastal areas also showed signs of shrinking. Agricultural mechanization development projects in these areas should also be adjusted accordingly. Second, according to the requirements of the agricultural structure adjustment and industrial management, to determine the future direction of agricultural mechanization is: ① continue to develop wheat, rice production machinery