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湿地为陆地上常年或季节性积水以及过湿的土地，还包括低潮时水深不超过６ｍ的水域，并与其衍生的生物种群构成特有的生态系统。我国是世界上湿地类型多，分布广的国家之一，按面积是世界上第三湿地大国．我国对湿地开发利用的历史悠久，早在周代就有利用湿地植物资源的记载，然而对湿地较系统的成因、保护及资源持续利用的研究则是在本世纪６０年代才开始．近几年由于对外开放发展经济的需要，在沿海兴建经济开发区，对湿地产生了伤害。本文以烟台夹河口沿海湿地的成因及其受损情况为例，探讨沿海开发区建设与湿地保护的问题，并提出一些保护措施。
Wetlands are perennial or seasonal wetlands and over-wet lands on land, as well as waters that reach a depth of 6 m or less at low tide and constitute peculiar ecosystems with their derived biological populations. Our country is one of the countries with many types and widely distributed wetlands in the world and is the third largest wetland country in the world by area. China has a long history of wetland development and utilization. As early as the Zhou dynasty, wetland plant resources were used. However, the systematic study on the causes, protection and sustainable utilization of wetlands started in the 1960s. In recent years, due to the need of opening up to the outside world for economic development, the construction of an economic development zone along the coast has caused damage to wetlands. This paper takes the causes of the coastal wetlands in Jiahe Estuary of Yantai as an example to discuss the problems of the construction of coastal development zones and wetland protection and puts forward some protection measures.