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大豆冠层截获的太阳辐射强度是决定大豆生长发育和产量的重要环境因素。通过对蛋白质、脂肪含量不同的三个大豆品种在生殖生长期进行光处理,研究田间条件下,群体光富集和遮阴对大豆干物质分配、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:与自然光照相比,光富集后大豆积累的光合产物更多地分配到库;而遮阴后大豆积累的光合产物更多地分配给了源。光富集显著增加大豆单株产量、荚数和粒数,不同品种(系)单株产量增加幅度为27.7%~71.7%、单株荚数增加幅度为33.3%~71.1%、单株粒数增加幅度为35.5%~85.7%;遮阴显著减少大豆单株产量、荚数和粒数,不同品种(系)单株产量降低幅度为34.4%~49.7%、单株荚数降低幅度为43.0%~47.7%、单株粒数降低幅度为33.4%~52.6%。生殖生长期光富集有增加籽粒蛋白质含量和降低籽粒脂肪含量的趋势,而遮阴有降低籽粒内蛋白质含量和增加籽粒脂肪含量的趋势,品种间有一定差异。
Soybean canopy interception of solar radiation intensity is an important environmental factor that determines the growth and yield of soybean. Three soybean cultivars with different protein and fat contents were treated with light during reproductive growth stage to study the effects of light enrichment and shading on dry matter distribution, yield and quality of soybean under field conditions. The results showed that compared with natural light, the photosynthate accumulated in the soybean after light enrichment was more distributed to the pool, while photosynthate accumulated in the shading soybean was more distributed to the source. Light enrichment significantly increased soybean yield per plant, pod number and grain number. The yield per plant of different varieties (lines) increased from 27.7% to 71.7%, and the increase of pods per plant ranged from 33.3% to 71.1% Shading significantly reduced the yield per plant, pod and grain number of soybean, the decrease of single plant yield of different varieties (lines) was 34.4% -49.7%, the reduction of pods per plant was 43.0% ~ 47.7%, the number of grain per plant decreased by 33.4% ~ 52.6%. Light enrichment during the reproductive growth period had the tendency to increase the protein content of the grain and reduce the fat content of the grain, while the shading had the tendency of reducing the protein content in the grain and increasing the fat content of the grain, with some differences among the varieties.