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目的掌握我市职业病发病状况和分布特点,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法对2008～2012年诊断的职业病病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果(1)2008～2012年我市职业病发病数基本呈逐年增多趋势,以2012年诊断病例数最多(占39.1%),急性中毒病例呈上升趋势;(2)我市职业病包括尘肺病(占88.8%)、慢性中毒(占8.7%)、急性中毒(占2.3%)及职业性噪声聋(占0.6%)四大类;(3)尘肺病以矽肺和煤工尘肺为主,分别占尘肺总病例数的71.1%和27.0%;慢性中毒包括正已烷中毒(占60%)、苯中毒(占40%);(4)职业病主要分布于煤炭、轻工、建材等行业,分别占总病例数的45.8%、20.6%和19.0%。结论我市尘肺病防治形势严峻,煤炭、建材、轻工行业是尘肺防治的重点行业;急性中毒和职业性噪声聋的发生不容忽视,要加大对以上行业的职业卫生监督执法力度,落实职业病防治各项措施,防止各类职业病的发生。
Objective To grasp the incidence and distribution of occupational diseases in our city and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods The data of occupational diseases diagnosed from 2008 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results (1) The incidence of occupational diseases in our city increased gradually from 2008 to 2012, with the highest number of cases diagnosed in 2012 (39.1%) and the number of acute poisoning cases rising (2) Occupational diseases in our city including pneumoconiosis 88.8%), chronic poisoning (8.7%), acute poisoning (2.3%) and occupational noise deafness (0.6%). (3) Pneumoconiosis was mainly pneumoconiosis and coal worker’s pneumoconiosis, 71.1% of the total number of cases and 27.0%; chronic poisoning, including n-hexane poisoning (60%), benzene poisoning (40%); (4) occupational diseases are mainly distributed in coal, light industry, building materials and other industries, 45.8%, 20.6% and 19.0% of cases. Conclusion The prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in our city is in a serious situation. Coal, building materials and light industry are the key industries for prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. The incidence of acute poisoning and occupational noise and hearing loss should not be neglected. Occupational health supervision and law enforcement in these industries should be intensified, Prevention and control of various measures to prevent the occurrence of various occupational diseases.