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从实施《惩治反革命条例》至今,刑法溯及力规范始终是围绕着新法律生效或实施日后,对该日前发生终了的旧行为是否有溯及既往适用这一主题而存在并实践着。1949一1979年这三十年的刑法溯及力规范及实践主要突出其必得溯及既往适用的特质,强调新实施法律的法源性、有效性与替代性;为鼓励嫌疑犯罪人员主动投案,或基于对新法的敬服而不再作恶,又有限度有条件地适用其不溯及既往这一特质。七九刑法与九七刑法完全相同表达溯及力一般规范,这是其不变之内涵;刑法典从七九体例进化至九七架构,其间经历众多单行刑法或独立于或并合刑法典适用的演化历程,形成了溯及力特殊规范。一般溯及力规范与罪刑法定有相通之处,特殊溯及力规范则与推进刑事政策以实现社会目标的社会治理有关。九七刑法施行之后修正案的规定与实施,吸收了其之前特殊溯及力规范,但其演化又呈现出不同样态。考察中国刑法溯及力规范变与不变的65年历程,可大体窥见其作为技术性规范的中立性与服务性等价值蕴含。
Since the implementation of the “Punishments for Counterrevolutionaries”, the norms of retroactive criminal law have always existed and practiced around the theme of whether the old acts that have taken place before the date of the new date have traced back to the past or have been applied since the new law came into force or came into force. The three decades of 1949-1979 norms of criminal law retroactive practice and practice mainly to highlight its traits must apply retroactively, emphasizing the law enforcement of the new law, effectiveness and alternative; In order to encourage suspects to commit crimes voluntarily, Or based on the respect of the new law and no longer act evil, but also to a limited extent apply to its trait of non-retrospective. The Seventh and the Nineth Penal Code and the Seventy-seven Penal Code exactly the same retroactive expression of norms, which is the same as its meaning; criminal code from 1979 to 1997 evolution, during which many single criminal law or independent or concurrent criminal code applicable The evolution of history, formed a special specification of retroactive force. General retroactive norms and crimes and statutory statutory commonality, and special retroactive norms and promoting criminal policies to achieve social goals related to social governance. The provisions and implementation of the amendments since the implementation of the Criminal Law of 1997 have absorbed their previous norms of special retroactivity, but their evolution has shown a different pattern. A review of the 65-year history of the normative and unchanging standards of China’s criminal law retrospectives can be roughly glimpsed into its value as a neutral and service-oriented technical norms.