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人类垂体催乳素(Prolactin简称PRL)是由198个氨基酸组成的蛋白激素,分子量约为25000,在体内半衰期约为15～20分钟。PRL与其他垂体激素不同,结构中不含糖。一个垂体内PRL含量仅30～50微克,约为垂体生长激素(GH)含量的1％。本文综述PRL的作用,人生各时期PRL分泌情况和有关因素,以及PRL异常分泌的一些临床研究。—、PRL的生理作用已知在肝脏、乳腺、卵巢、睾丸、前列腺、肾上腺、中脑、下丘脑等组织均有PRL受体存在。 1.乳腺和泌乳:PRL对乳腺的发育和泌乳是其中必不可少的一种激素。在乳腺中的作用,表现为经过生成前列腺素F_2α作为第二信使,并随即激发环核苷酸(cAmp)的生成。亦有人将cAmp看成是PRL的第二信
Human pituitary prolactin (Prolactin referred to as PRL) is a protein hormone composed of 198 amino acids, a molecular weight of about 25000, in vivo half-life of about 15 to 20 minutes. Unlike other pituitary hormones, PRL does not contain sugars in its structure. A pituitary PRL content of only 30 to 50 micrograms, about 1% of pituitary growth hormone (GH) content. This review summarizes the roles of PRL, PRL secretion and related factors in various periods of life, and some clinical studies on the abnormal secretion of PRL. -, The physiological role of PRL Known in the liver, breast, ovary, testis, prostate, adrenal, midbrain, hypothalamus and other organizations have PRL receptors exist. 1. Breast and lactation: PRL breast development and lactation is one of the essential hormone. Its role in mammary glands is manifested by the generation of prostaglandin F_2α as a second messenger and subsequent activation of cyclic nucleotide (cAmp) production. Some people also regard cAmp as the second letter of PRL