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【目的】了解深圳市学龄前儿童情绪问题的患病率现状。【方法】采用整群抽样,筛查与医生核查的二阶段调查方法,对7 570名3～6岁学龄前儿童的情绪问题现患率进行调查。【结果】深圳市3～6岁学龄前儿童情绪问题现患率为8.08%,男女童分别为7.69%和8.54%,男女之间没有明显差异。分离性焦虑、特殊恐怖、社交退缩和抑郁等四种情绪问题的现患率分别为1.07%、4.02%、4.28%与0.16%。1.32%的儿童同时具有两种以上情绪问题,占有情绪问题儿童的16.34%。分离性焦虑和社交退缩的现患率随着年龄增大逐渐降低。【结论】学龄前儿童情绪问题是常见的儿童心理卫生问题,需要得到进一步的关注和重视。
【Objective】 To understand the prevalence of pre-school children’s emotional problems in Shenzhen. 【Method】 The prevalence of emotional problems among 7 570 pre-school children aged 3 ~ 6 years was investigated by a two-stage survey using cluster sampling, screening and doctor verification. 【Results】 The prevalence rate of emotional problems in preschool children aged 3 ~ 6 years in Shenzhen was 8.08%, while that of boys and girls was 7.69% and 8.54% respectively. There was no significant difference between men and women. The prevalence rates of four kinds of emotional problems such as separation anxiety, special terror, social withdrawal and depression were 1.07%, 4.02%, 4.28% and 0.16% respectively. 1.32% of children have more than two kinds of emotional problems at the same time, accounting for 16.34% of emotional problems of children. The prevalence of discomfort and social withdrawal gradually decreased with age. 【Conclusion】 Preschoolers’ emotional problems are common mental health problems in children and need further attention and attention.