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本文通过对19世纪下半叶来华的英国商业摄影师约翰·汤姆森中国影像集的简要分析,探究西方人的摄影作品与中国形象建构之间的关系。汤姆森镜头前的中国影像主要有两大类型,一类是中国的地理地貌,另一类是中国的人种类型与职业特征。汤姆森的摄影作品并非中国现实的忠实再现,而是经过历史、社会与文化期待视野的过滤后的产品。汤姆森有关中国的摄影作品一方面印证了他所处时代西方人对中国的想象,另一方面又拓展了西方有关中国想象的空间。
This article explores the relationship between Westerners photography and China’s image building through a brief analysis of the collection of Chinese commercial photographer John Thompson in China in the second half of the 19th century. There are two main types of Chinese images in front of Thomson’s camera, one is the geographical topography of China and the other is the ethnic type and occupation characteristics in China. Thomson’s photography is not a faithful reproduction of China’s reality, but a filtered product that passes through historical, social and cultural expectations. Thomson’s photographic work on China, on the one hand, confirms Westerners’ imagination of China in his own time; on the other, it expands the Western space for imagination in China.