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目的了解大连市学生伤害发生情况及分布特征,为有效开展干预提供依据。方法收集与分析大连市2006—2014年3所伤害监测医院急诊首诊为伤害的学生伤害监测数据。结果共收集学生伤害病例15 002例,其中男生占71.0%,女生占29.0%。学生伤害发生地主要是学校(37.8%)、公共场所(17.9%)和公路/街道(17.6%)。1 d中,12:00和17:00伤害发生频率较高。跌倒/坠落(40.1%)是伤害发生的首位原因,其次是钝器伤(25.8%)、刀/锐器伤(15.6%)。伤害部位以上肢(31.5%)、下肢(30.7%)和头部(26.2%)较为常见。伤害性质主要为挫/擦伤(45.7%)、锐器/开放伤(24.4%)以及扭伤(18.8%)。轻度伤害占81.5%,中度伤害占17.8%,重度伤害占0.7%。82.7%的伤害是意外伤害,故意伤害占16.0%,自伤占0.6%。结论应针对不同阶段学生的特点,开展有效的安全教育,减少伤害的发生,保障学生健康。
Objective To understand the occurrence and distribution of injury among students in Dalian and provide the basis for effective intervention. Methods Collecting and analyzing the data of student injury monitoring for the first injury in the emergency department of three hospitals in Dalian City from 2006 to 2014. Results A total of 15 002 cases of student injury were collected, of which 71.0% were boys and 29.0% girls. Student injuries occurred mainly in schools (37.8%), public places (17.9%) and roads / streets (17.6%). In the first d, the injury frequency was higher at 12: 00 and 17: 00. Fall / fall (40.1%) was the leading cause of injury, followed by blunt injury (25.8%) and knife / sharp injury (15.6%). Injuries to upper limbs (31.5%), lower limbs (30.7%) and head (26.2%) are more common. Injuries were mainly frustra (45.7%), sharps / open wounds (24.4%) and sprains (18.8%). Mild injuries accounted for 81.5%, moderate injuries accounted for 17.8%, severe injuries accounted for 0.7%. 82.7% of the damage is accidental, intentional damage accounted for 16.0%, self-injury accounted for 0.6%. Conclusions Should be based on the characteristics of students in different stages, carry out effective safety education to reduce the occurrence of injuries and protect the health of students.