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国内对内燃机车上使用的各种主要轴承寿命的评定,目前还没有一个明确的统一标准。一般习惯采用理论计算的额定寿命值。但是由于轴承寿命的离散度,在实际使用中,轴承额定寿命往往因轴承润滑条件设置不同,轴承径向游隙合理调配的差异及制造和选配精度等因素的影响,造成轴承使用寿命与理论计算额定寿命的巨大差异。如果在使用中将轴承的径向游隙选配在最佳,改善装配质量和使用条件,轴承的实际寿命则会成倍甚至于几十倍地,增长。目前国外对内燃机车关键部位使用的轴承寿命,已不是用“表面疲劳”来评定,而是采用轴承使用后的磨耗量来评定。短圆柱轴承的寿命一般是根据磨耗后的径向游隙值来评定。
Domestic use of diesel locomotives on the main bearing life assessment, there is no clear uniform standards. The general habit of using the theoretical life of the rated value. However, due to the dispersion of bearing life, in actual use, the bearing life is often due to the bearing lubrication conditions are set differently, the bearing radial clearance and reasonable allocation of differences in manufacturing and matching accuracy and other factors, resulting in bearing life and theory Calculate the huge difference between the rated life. If the use of radial clearance in the bearing matching the best to improve assembly quality and conditions of use, the actual life of the bearing will be doubled or even a few times to increase. At present, the service life of the bearings used for the key parts of diesel locomotives abroad is not assessed by “surface fatigue” but by the amount of wear after the bearings are used. The short cylinder bearing life is generally based on the wear radial clearance value to be assessed.