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红土镍矿的低温还原热力学和低温还原动力学研究表明,在1 350℃左右半熔融状态下可以得到镍铁合金颗粒。利用微波内加热和选择性加热的特点,能够明显改善加热效率和渗碳效果,促进弥散在炉渣中的镍铁粉聚集长大成镍铁颗粒。在此基础上研发出红土镍矿低温还原+微波冶炼镍铁新技术,并建成了世界上第一条新技术示范生产线。与RK-EF工艺相比,新技术取消了后续的电炉熔炼工艺,使冶炼温度降低了250℃左右,电耗降低45%以上。新技术实现了高效率、低能耗、环保及低成本生产镍铁合金。
Low temperature reduction thermodynamics and low temperature reduction kinetics of lateritic nickel ore show that nickel-iron alloy particles can be obtained at about 1 350 ℃ in semi-molten state. The use of microwave heating and selective heating characteristics, can significantly improve the heating efficiency and carburizing effect, and promote dispersion in the slag of nickel iron powder aggregation to grow into nickel-iron particles. On this basis, a new technology of cryogenic reduction of nickel laterite nickel ore by microwave smelting was developed, and the world’s first new technology demonstration production line was built. Compared with the RK-EF process, the new technology cancels the subsequent electric furnace smelting process, reducing the smelting temperature by about 250 ° C and reducing the power consumption by more than 45%. New technology to achieve high efficiency, low energy consumption, environmental protection and low-cost production of nickel-iron alloy.