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在一大批产品中,如何进行抽样才能正确反映并判断产品批优劣的实际情况?近几十年,工业发达国家运用概率论和数理统计方法,揭示了随机现象的统计规律,已经设计出多种型式的现代统计抽样方案。现代统计抽样方案的技术是基于数理统计的原理从总体中抽取样本（随机变量）,由检测数字来反映样本的统计特征数,根据这些统计特征数——随机变量的概率分布规律做出有用的推断。即:根据一个样本（几个样本）来推断总体的情况（所谓由样本推断总体,不是其个体性质而是其概率分布）,从而做出产品质量状况的评判。它的特点是:鉴于抽样的随机性。因此其推
In a large number of products, how to carry out sampling to correctly reflect and judge the actual situation of product quality? In recent decades, the industrialized countries use the probability theory and mathematical statistics to reveal the statistical law of random phenomena, has designed more Types of modern statistical sampling plan. The technology of modern statistical sampling scheme extracts samples (random variables) from the population based on the principle of mathematical statistics, and the number of statistical features of the samples is reflected by the detection numbers. Based on these statistical characteristic numbers, the probability distribution of random variables makes useful infer. That is, the overall situation (the total is inferred from samples, not its individual nature but its probability distribution) is deduced from one sample (several samples) to judge the quality status of the product. It is characterized by: Given the randomness of the sample. So its pushing