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目的：观察骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折（osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, OVCFs）患者给予经皮后凸成形术（percutaneous kyphoplasty, PKP）并结合骨质疏松药物治疗的疗效。方法77例OVCFs患者分为两组，入院评估全身情况后，在全麻下后路行经皮JACK撑开器撑开椎体复位骨水泥充填术（PKP）。对照组患者仅予PKP手术，而实验组患者同时给予抗骨质疏松药物治疗。两组患者分别于术前、术后3个月、1年予腰背部疼痛视觉评估表（visual analog scale, VAS）评分，测量伤椎椎体前缘高度（vertebral body height, VH）及上下节段Cobb角，测定股骨颈骨密度（bone mineral density, BMD），以及调查术后二次骨折发生率。结果两组术后VAS评分均明显低于术前且差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.001）， VH均明显增高（P＜0.01），Cobb角均明显降低（P＜0.01），术后3个月与术前比较两组股骨颈BMD值均略有降低但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05)，且组间差异未见统计学意义（P＞0.05)。术后1年对照组股骨颈BMD值明显低于术前及术后3个月，且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05)；而实验组略低于术前，而与术后3个月基本持平，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），但明显高于对照组且差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05)。术后1年内实验组患者再次骨折的发生率明显低于对照组且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论治疗OVCFs患者在实施PKP手术镇痛纠正后凸畸形的同时，积极治疗原发病、抗骨质疏松尤为重要。“,”Objective To observe the effect of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) combined with anti-osteoporosis drug to treatment osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).Methods Seventy-seven cases of patients with OVCFs were divided into two groups. After general condition assessment, all patients underwent percutaneous Jack kyphoplasty (PKP) with vertebral distraction and cementfi lling under the general anesthesia. The control group was only treated with PKP, while the experimental group was treated with PKP and anti-osteoporosis drugs therapy. Two groups were investigated by using low back pain visual analog scale (VAS) preoperatively and 3 months and 1 year postoperatively. Meanwhile, the anterior height of injured vertebral body (VH) and the segmental Cobb angle were measured, and the femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) was determined and the incidence of occurrence of secondary fracture after surgery was also investigated.Results The postoperative VAS values of two group patients were signifi cantly lower than that before the surgery (P0.05). One year after surgery, the femoral neck BMD values of control group patients were signifi cantly lower than that before and 3 months after the surgery (P0.05), but they were signifi cantly higher than that of the control group patients (P<0.05). The incidence of re-fracture of experimental group patients was signifi cantly lower than that of the control group patients during one year after the surgery (P<0.05).Conclusion To implement the PKP when treating the OVCFs patients to release the pain and correct the kyphosis, active treatment of primary disease and anti-osteoporosis therapy are particularly important.