概述了ＮｄＦｅＢ类稀土永磁合金的晶粒结构及其缺陷模型，包括单变量连续变化模型，三变量突变模型和激活体积模型，介绍了基于不同结构缺陷模型的各种矫顽力理论（包括成核理论、钉扎理论、发动场理论和热激活理论），比较了他们的异同点，提出了统一结构缺陷模型的构想 The grain structure and defect models of NdFeB-based rare earth permanent magnet alloys are summarized, including univariate continuous variation model, three-variable mutation model and activation volume model. Various coercivity theories based on different structural defect models are introduced Nuclear theory, pinning theory, launch field theory and heat activation theory), compared their similarities and differences, put forward the idea of ​​a unified structural defect model