论文部分内容阅读
一 導言列寧的多方面革命活動的最鮮明特點之一,就是他對主觀唯心主義——唯物主義世界觀、先進科學與文化最兇惡的敵人所進行的不可調和的鬥爭。列寧在其一九〇九年春所出版的天才著作「唯物諭與經驗批判諭」中極為完整地反映了他反對主觀唯心主義的鬥爭。列寧在這一著作中對我們表現出他是一個哲學思想的巨人,先進科學與文化的泰斗,捍衛組成共產主義理論基礎的辯識唯物主義與歷史唯物主義的熱烈的、不屈不撓的戰士。列寧的天才著作「唯物論與經驗批判論」是無產階級黨性、高度的思想性和原則性的最偉大的典範。 這一著作是反對僧侶主義御用奴僕的反動哲學觀點和理論的無堅不摧的武器,這些反動哲學觀點和理論,用列寧的話來說,是屬於「飽食者的黨,統治者的黨,剝削者的黨的」(「列寧全集」第十卷第六一頁)。 這一著作反對各種各樣的唯心主義,首先是反對主觀唯心主義,因為主觀唯心主義過去是,现在仍然是爲帝國主義反動勢力的最骯髒、最醜惡的目的服務的。主觀唯心主義在十九世紀末葉,二十世紀初葉是作創新的「第三派的」、
I. Introduction One of the most distinctive features of Lenin’s multifaceted revolutionary activities is his irreconcilable struggle against the subjective idealists - the materialistic world outlook, advanced science and the most ferocious enemy of culture. Lenin, in his brilliant book The Materialism and Experience Criticism, published in the spring of 1909, fully and completely reflected his struggle against subjective idealism. In this book, Lenin shows us that he is a giants of philosophy, advanced science and culture, and defended the enthusiastic and indomitable warrior of materialism and historical materialism that formed the basis of communism. Lenin’s genius book Theory of Materialism and Critical Experience is the greatest example of proletarian party spirit, a high degree of ideology and principle. This book is an all-encompassing weapon against the reactionary philosophical views and theories of the monastic slave servants of the monasticism. In Lenin’s words, these reactionary philosophical views and theories belong to the “satirical party, the ruler’s party, the exploiter’s party (Lenin Collected Works, Vol. 10, p. 6). This book objected to all kinds of idealism and, above all, to subjective idealism because subjective idealism was and still serves the dirtiest and ugly purpose of the imperialist reactionaries. Subjective idealism is the ”third faction" of innovation at the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century,