一、目的(一)国籍确定商船的管辖权有两个基本因素:第一,每个国家对他的领海都有管辖权。在公海,国家没有领海权,在海上,若没有明确的地域和适当地执行管辖权,活动将是杂乱无章的。第二,海上运输,通常在不同主权国家之间进行,并且包括不同国家的船舶。原则上,每个国家对任何船舶都想拥有管辖权。这样,就有必要划分有关的管辖权,管辖权的合理执行,使国家在海运方面能够保护其本国财产和人民。习惯上,船舶的管辖权与其国籍相关联。舶舶的船旗是他国籍的象征。“船旗国”,一 First, the purpose of (a) determine the nationality of merchant shipping jurisdiction has two basic factors: First, each country has jurisdiction over his territorial waters. On the high seas, the state has no territorial sea power. At sea, without clear terrain and proper enforcement of jurisdiction, the activities will be chaotic. Second, maritime transport, usually between sovereign states, includes ships from different countries. In principle, every country wants jurisdiction over any ship. In this way, it is necessary to divide the relevant jurisdiction and the reasonable implementation of the jurisdiction so that the state can protect its own property and people in the maritime transport. Traditionally, the jurisdiction of ships has been linked to their nationality. The ship’s flag is a symbol of his nationality. “Flag State”, one