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籼粳稻亚种间正反交多组合杂种不育的考察,表明籼粳杂种F_1普遍出现结实率不同程度降低,不实率随品种组合而异,有株间分离,穗间变异,正反交差异。数据变异幅度很宽而且不稳定。分析了不同方式回交与单穗选育所得的F_2数据,表明杂种不育的分布可因反回交而缩小,不实率可因选穗而提高。对杂种花粉育性作统计,表明籼粳杂交普遍使花粉趋于败育,花粉育性有分离与变异。作图表明花粉败育率与种子不实率呈直线相关。根据上述结果,对不育基因的假说进行了讨论;认为亚种间杂交中异源细胞质的竹用是小孢子发育发生波动的决定因素。提出了籼粳杂种不育遗传基础的模型,其中心环节是细胞质内蛋白质与酶的平衡在籼粳杂合基因组作用下发生了摆动。
The crosses between indica and japonica subspecies of reciprocal crosses showed that the rate of seed setting of indica-japonica hybrids F_1 generally decreased to varying degrees, and the unfitness varied with the combinations of cultivars. difference. Data variation is wide and unstable. The F2 data obtained by different methods of backcrossing and single ear selection were analyzed. The results showed that the distribution of CMS could be reduced by backcrossing, and the false rate could be increased by selecting ear. Statistics on the pollen fertility of hybrids showed that hybridization of indica and japonica tended to abortion of pollen, and separation and variation of pollen fertility. The plots show that the rate of pollen abortion is linearly related to the seedless rate. Based on the above results, the hypothesis of sterility gene was discussed. It is considered that the heterogenous cytoplasm of bamboo in intersubspecific hybridization is the determinant of microspore development. The genetic basis of indica / japonica hybrid sterility was proposed. The central link was the balance between protein and enzyme in cytoplasm.