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以‘库尔勒香梨’为试材,设置盛果开心形、盛果疏散形、衰老开心形和衰老疏散形4个处理,研究了树形及树龄对光合特征及果实品质的影响。结果表明:在整个果实膨大期,盛果疏散形香梨园内的光照强度最大;盛果疏散形净光合速率极显著大于盛果开心形;疏散形蒸腾速率低于开心形,衰老期的蒸腾速率要稍低于盛果期树,但差异不显著;疏散形水分利用率比开心形高。在果实品质方面,各处理香梨的平均单果重和果形指数没有显著差异,但衰老开心形修剪的果形指数和单果重均最小,盛果期疏散形的萼片脱落状况和果实色泽优于其它处理;果实可溶性固形物含量和维生素C含量盛果期显著高于衰老期,石细胞含量衰老开心形极显著高于其它3种处理(P<0.01),果实可溶性糖含量盛果开心形显著高于其它处理(P<0.05),疏散形维生素C含量极显著大于开心形(P<0.01),可滴定酸含量和果实硬度没有明显差别。综合各果实品质指标,盛果期果实品质优于衰老期,疏散形修剪果实的品质优于开心形修剪树。
Korla fragrant pear was used as experimental material to set up four kinds of treatment including happy fruit shape, scattered fruit shape, happy happy age shape and aged evacuation shape. The effects of tree shape and tree age on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality were studied. The results showed that during the whole fruit enlargement period, the light intensity was the highest in Shengguo pear-shaped pear orchards. The net photosynthetic rate of Shengguisi dispersal was significantly greater than that of Shengguo capeng. The transpiration rate of evacuation was lower than that of happy-shaped and senescent To be slightly lower than the full-fruit trees, but the difference was not significant; evacuation-shaped water utilization rate than happy. In terms of fruit quality, there was no significant difference in the average fruit weight and fruit shape index of pear cultivars, but the average fruit shape index and fruit weight of the aged fruit shape cutting were the least. The results showed that the content of soluble solids and vitamin C in fruit were significantly higher than those in the aging stage, and the content of stone cells in senescence was significantly higher than those in the other three treatments (P <0.01) Compared with other treatments (P <0.05), the contents of vitamin C in evacuated form were significantly higher than those in open form (P <0.01), and there was no significant difference between titratable acid content and fruit hardness. Comprehensive fruit quality indicators, fruiting fruit quality is better than aging, evacuation-shaped pruning fruit quality is better than the happy-shaped pruning tree.